Definition of Circulation Conditions and Groundwater Genesis of the Complex Krupaja Hydrogeological Karst System (Eastern Serbia)

The complex Krupaja karst system, located in Serbia, which consists of a strong spring, thermal and borehole that captures sub-thermal waters, has been studied. A phenomenon gives rise to the occurrence waters three different temperatures within relatively short distance (about 200 m) led us assume these are formed same aquifer circulate through levels channels zonally distributed vertical profile; this was confirmed by assessing groundwater ages. Based on development karstification, as presented paper, well previous investigations, explanations four types circulation system provided. results measurements stable isotopes (H, 18O, 13C) radioactive tritium T+He 14C, hydrochemical water analyses, speleogenetic spatial modeling, speleodiving research, etc., assumption groundwaters belong system. However, have residence times, i.e., from only few days over several decades even up approximately 4000 years, circulating with various distributions along depth aquifer.